Daily Topics Covered in Class (Biology I)
Chapter 1, pages 3-7
science, observations, Investigations, predictions, auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory, tactile, data,
datum, Latin and Greek languages, qualitative and quantitative observations,
bias, inference, hypothesis, experiment, hyponatremia, water intoxication,
sodium, neurotransmiter, pressure receptors, pain receptors, balance, motion
Chapter 1, pages 8-12
Aristotle, logic, spontaneous generation, abiogenesis,
biogenesis, Francesco Redi, controlled experiment, manipulated
variable, responding variable, independent variable, dependent variable, Anton
van Leeuwenhoek, animacules, John Needam,
Lazzaro Spallanzani, Louis
Pasteur
Chapter 1, pages 13-17
ethics, theory, Law, biogenesis, abiogenesis,
biology, Greek and Latin languages, cell, unicellular, multicellular,
reproduction, sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction, DNA, deoxyribonucleic
acid, homeostasis, metabolism
Chapter 1, pages 18-23
life cycle, growth, metabolism, photosynthesis, carbon dioxide, glucose sugar,
chlorophyll, decomposers, homeostasis, evolve, zoology, botany, biosphere,
ecosystems, communities, populations, organisms
Chapter 1, pages 24-25, 28, 1066-1069
SI-system, metric system, meter, liter, gram, microscope, electron microscope,
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM),
magnification, resolution, microbiology, stains, compound light microscope,
reproducing an experiment, replicating an experiment, lens, retina, cones and
rods, optic nerve, microbiologist
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Chapter 15, pages 369-377
Biological diversity, evolution, Charles Darwin, HMS Beagle, naturalist,
fossils, James Hutton, Charles Lyell, Jean-Baptiste
Lamarck, Thomas Malthus, Malthusian doctrine
Chapter 15, pages 378-386
"On the Origin of Species", Alfred Russel
Wallace, natural variation, artificial selection, fitness, adaptation, survival
of the fittest, natural selection, homologous, vestigal,
microevolution, macroevolution
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Chapter 17, pages 416-421
amber, paleontologists, sedimentary rock, shale, slate, relative dating,
absolute dating, index fossils, geologic time scale, Mesozoic Era, Cenozoic
Era, Paleozoic Era, Precambrian Time, half-life, radioactive, isotope,
carbon-14, potassium-40, eras, periods, Georges Cuvier
Chapter 17, pages 421-425
hydrogen, hydrogen cyanide, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen, hydrogen
sulfide, water, oxidation, Stanley Miller, Harold Urey, amino acids, proteins, coacervate molecules, proteinoid microspheres, methane, ammonia
Chapter 17, pages 425-430
DNA, RNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, microfossils, stromatolites,
oxygen, photosynthesis, respiration, anaerobic, aerobic, prokaryotic, eukaryotic,
Uwharrie Mountains,
ozone, endosymbiotic
theory, sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction
Chapter 17, pages 430-434
Devonian Period, vertebrates, invertebrates, reptiles, birds, Archaeopteryx,
Cenozoic Era, mass extinction, amphibian, Mesozoic Era, Jurassic Period, linking
fossil, Quaternary period, mammals, ice age
Chapter 17, pages 435-440
macroevolution, microevolution, adaptive radiation, convergent evolution,
Cretaceous Period, dinosaurs, meteors, comets, homologous, analogous,
gradualism, punctuated evolution, coevolution, hox genes
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Chapter 18, pages 447-450
Species, fertile offspring, taxonomy, common name, scientific name, Latin and
Greek languages, Carolus Linnaeus, phenotype,
genotype, binomial nomenclature, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family,
genus, species, breed, variety, Homo sapiens, taxon,
most/least inclusive
Chapter 18, pages 451-457
evolution, evolutionary classification, cladistic
analysis, derived characteristics, cladogram, DNA,
RNA, nucleus, molecular clock, mutation, Plant Kingdom, Animal Kingdom, Protista, Fungi, Monera, Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, halophiles, methanogens
Chapter 18, pages 458-460
domains, kingdoms, Eubacteria, Archaea,
Archaebacteria, Eukarya, peptidoglycan, cell wall, cell membrane, cellulose, lignin,
autotrophs, heterotrophs, methanogens, halophiles,
unicellular, multicellular, colonial organisms
Chapter 18, pages 460-461
Eukarya, eukaryotic, prokaryotic, Protista,
Fungi, cellular respiration, extracellular enzymes,
absorption, photosynthesis, autotrophs, heterotrophs, motile, nonmotile,
cellulose
Article Series, "Highlights, Six Kingdoms of Life":
Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, unicellular,
multicellular, prokaryote, eukaryote, heterotrophic, autotrophic, methanogens,
thermoacidophiles, halophiles, anaerobic, aerobic, peptidoglycan, endospores,
botulism, nitrogen fixation, plasmodium, malaria, liver, parasite, chitin,
decomposers, hyphae, mycelium, mushroom, puffball, seed, angiosperm, gymnosperm,
endosperm, xylem, phloem, fruit, arthropods, exoskeleton, endoskeleton,
metamorphosis
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Microscope Objectives
pages 25-27
microscope, magnification, light microscope, electron microscope, magnification,
resolution, visible light, ROY G BIV, microbiologist, TEM, SEM, cultures,
fractionation, centrifuge, stains, protons, electrons, neutrons
Microscope Objectives Appendix D (pages 1070-1071)
compound light microscope, magnification, eyepiece, objective lens, coarse
adjustment knob, fine adjustment knob, field of view, diaphragm, slide, cover
slip, arm and base (of a microscope), dominant eye, nosepiece
Article--"Antony van Leeuwenhoek and the Microscope"
from TechDirections Technology's Past
Anton van Leeuwenhoek, microscope, convex lens, concave lens, focal length,
focal point, magnification, resolution, Royal Academy of London, Holland,
Netherlands, Delft, Dutch, animacules, drapier, Robert Hooke
Article--"Focus On Science...Microscopes-Gateways to the Cell"
refraction, magnification, compound light microscope, SEM, TEM, electron
microscope, staining, micrograph, resolution, wavelength (of light), ROY G BIV, ultraviolet, infrared, electrons, micron, micrometer
Article--"The
Microscope" (from the Johns-Hopkins series)
microscopist, lens, convex, lens, refraction,
reflection, compound lens system, objectives, ocular, diaphragm, virtual image,
real image
Article--“The Microscope” from Wikipedia
microscope, lens, resolution, optical microscope, electron microscope, SEM,
TEM, wavelength, visible spectrum, infrared, ultraviolet, microscopy, Hans Lippershey, optical theory, electromagnetic spectrum, compound
light microscope, stereo microscope, refraction, refractive lenses,
diffraction, atom, electrons, electromagnets
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Chapter 2 pages 35-36
Atoms, atomos, Democritus, molecules, proton, neutron, electron, electron cloud, nucleus, Niels Bohr, Ernest Rutherford, Joseph Thompson, James
Chadwick, Bohr Model, AMU, element, compound, chemical symbol, chemical
compound, periodic table, atomic number, mass number, average atomic mass,
isotope
Chapter 2 pages 36-38
Isotope, radioactive, carbon-12, carbon-14, tracers, chemical compounds,
chemical symbol, chemical formula, atomic bonds, valence electrons, ionic,
covalent, ion, molecule, electrons, neutrons, iodine
Chapter 2 pages 38-42
covalent bonds, ionic bonds, single bond, double bond, triple bond, electrons,
valence electrons, molecules, van der Walls forces, polar, cohesion, adhesion,
mixture, chromatography, suspensions, solvent, solute, surface tension, density
Chapter 2 pages 42-43
pH, neutralization, acid, base, neutral pH, disassociation, pH scale, hydrogen, hydroxide,
logarithm, buffers, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, muratic acid, lye,
bleach, alkaline,
Chapter 2 pages 44-45
Inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, coal, graphite, diamonds, bonding, valence electrons, carbon, covalent
bonds, carbon chains, macromolecules, monomers, polymers, carbohydrates,
lipids, nucleotides, nucleosides, proteins, starch, glycogen
Chapter 2 pages 46-47
Monosaccharides,
polysaccharides, glucose, fructose, galactose,
lactose, maltose, sucrose, glycogen, liver, cellulose, cell membrane, cell wall,
lipids, fats, oils, waxes, biological membranes, saturated molecules,
unsaturated molecules, lard, margarine, cooking oil, canola oil, hydrogenated
vegetable oil
Chapter 2 pages 47-48
Nucleic acids, nucleotides, DNA, RNA, heredity, genetics, fatty acids, glycerol, HDL’s, LDL’s,
polyunsaturated, nitrogen, phosphorus, carbohydrates,
proteins, monomers, polymers, amino group, carboxyl group.
Chapter 2 pages 49-53
Chemical reaction, reactants, products, activation energy, DNA, RNA, chemical
reaction, catalyst, enzyme, active site, substrate, ribosomes, amino acids
Article "Don't Give All Fats a Bad
Name...."
omega-3 fatty acids, saturated fats, unsaturated fats, polyunsaturated fats,
lipids, waxes, oils, LDL, HDL, partially hydrogenated oil, monounsaturated,
cholesterol, trans fats
Article "Focus On Science--Using Radioisotopes"
Henri Becquerel, uranium, nuclear power, radioactivity, radioisotopes,
nucleus (of an atom), protons, neutrons, electrons, half-life, carbon-14,
nitrogen, tracers, iodine, goiter, thyroid gland, plutonium-238, PET scan,
cancer, radium-226, cobalt-30, Marie Curie, radioactive decay, carbon dating,
pacemakers (heart), radiation therapy
Article "Acid Rain"
carbonic acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, limestone, acid
rain, sulfur oxides, nitric oxides, mitigation, nutrient leaching
Biology I (Biochemistry Lab pp.)
dehydration synthesis, enzymes, monosaccharides,
disaccharides, polysaccharides, glucose, fructose, galactose,
sucrose, maltose, lactose, starch, cellulose, glycogen, iodine, Benedict’s
solution, carbon, carbon dioxide
Biology I (Biochemistry Lab pp.)
lipids, glycerol, fatty acids, adipose tissue, triglycerides, steroids, oil,
wax, saturated fat, unsaturated fat, Sudan III, Kraft paper, amino acids,
proteins, polypeptides, biuret reagent, dehydration
synthesis, peptide bonds, carboxyl group, amino group
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Chapter 7 pages 168-173
cell, Cell Theory, Matthias Schleiden,
Theodore Schwann, Rodulf Virchow, Anton van
Leeuwenhoek, Robert Hooke, cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, nucleus
Chapter 7 pages 173-178
nucleus, eukaryotes, prokaryotes, cell membrane, cell wall, lysosomes, cytoplasm, bacteria, organelles, cellulose,
Robert Brown, DNA, nuclear envelope, chromatin, chromosomes, RNA, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi bodies, Golgi apparatus, Camillo Golgi
Chapter 7 pages 179-181
nucleus,
proteins, amino acids, lysosomes, enzymes, vacuoles, vesicles, cilia, flagella, organelles,
endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, chloroplasts, photosynthesis, plantae,
leucoplasts, chromoplasts, plastids, mitochondria, cytoskeleton,
microfilaments, microtubules
Chapter 7 pages 182-185
cell membrane, plasma membrane, lipid bilayer,
hydrophilic, hydrophobic, membrane proteins, membrane carbohydrates, concentration (of a solution), diffusion, solute, solvent, equilibrium,
permeable, impermeable, semipermeable, selectively
permeable
Chapter 7 pages 185-193
osmosis, isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic, contractile vacuole,
homeostasis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis, phagocytosis,
unicellular, multicellular, exocytosis,
cell-specialization, tissues, organs, organ systems, division of labor, muscle
tissue, epithelial tissue, nervous tissue, connective tissue, lymphatic system,
lymph, cartilage, bone
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Chapter 8 pages 201-205
energy, autotrophs, heterotrophs, ATP, ADP, AMP, adenine, ribose, phosplate, carbohydrates, glucose, photosynthesis, starch,
Jan van Helmont
Chapter 8 pages 205-208
Joseph Priestley, mint, Jan Ingenhouz,
photosynthesis, carbon dioxide, water, glucose sugar, oxygen, visible spectrum,
chlorophyll, chloroplast, visible spectrum, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b,
"green" plants, thylakoid membranes, grana, granum, stroma, ultraviolet light, infrared light, ROY G. BIV
Chapter 8 pages 208-214
NADPH, NADP+, ATP, ADP, oxygen (from photosynthesis), carbon dioxide (in
photosynthesis), photosystem I, photosystem
II, Calvin Cycle, water (as used in photosynthesis), starches, cellulose, light
reaction, dark reaction
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Chapter 9 pages 221-223
calorie, heat, temperature, glucose, carbohydrates,
kilocalorie, Calorie, glycolysis, Krebs cycle,
Electron Transport Chain, pyruvic acid, respiration,
ATP, ADP, NADH, NAD+
Chapter 9 pages 223-225
cellular wastes (carbon dioxide and water), ATP,
glucose, oxygen deficit, aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, lactic
acid fermentation, glycogen, mitochondrion, chloroplast, (summary comparing
photosynthesis and respiration), glycolysis, yeast
Chapter 9 pages 226-229
respiration, oxygen, carbon dioxide, pyruvic acid, glycolysis, aerobic,
anaerobic, Krebs cycle, Hans Krebs, citric acid, ATP, ADP, NADH, mitochondrion,
electron transport chain, oxygen, synthase
Chapter 9 pages 229-232
carbon dioxide, water, respiration, ATP, glucose, internal combustion,
radiation (heat), oxygen deficit, aerobic, anaerobic, lactic acid, glycogen,
"second wind", photosynthesis, cellular respiration, reactants,
products, chloroplast
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Chapter 10 pages 241-245
daughter cells, replication, chromosomes, chromatids, centromere, cell
cycle, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis, mitosis, G-phases, S-phase, M-phase
Chapter 10 pages 245-248
mitosis, replication, interphase, G1-phase, G2-phase,
S-phase, M-phase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis,
nucleolus, chromatin, chromosomes, centrioles, nuclear envelope, sister
chromatids
Chapter 10 pages 248-253
cyclins, Tim Hunt, Mark Kirschner,
eukaryotic, prokaryotic, internal regulators, external regulators, cancer,
tumor, benign, malignant, zygote, embryonic, stem cells, bone marrow, ovary
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Chapter 11 pages 263-265
genetics, Gregor Mendel, Garden Pea,
self-pollination, cross-pollination, stamen, anther, filament, pollen, pistil,
carpel, ovary (flower), stigma, style, sepal, petal, true-breeding, trait,
parental generation, filial generation, hybrid, alleles, genes, dominance, complete
dominance, incomplete donimance
Chapter 11 pages 265-271
generations, segregation of alleles, gametes, sperm, egg, dominance,
probability, Punnett squares, phenotype, genotype,
homozygous, heterozygous
Chapter 11 pages 272-275
independent assortment, inheritance, genes, offspring, dominant, recessive,
alleles, incomplete dominance, codominance,
population, polygenic traits, Drosophila melanogaster,
Thomas Hunt Morgan
Chapter 11 pages 275-280
genes, chromosomes, homologous, haploid, diploid, meiosis, tetrad,
crossing-over, sperm, egg
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Chapter 12 pages 287-292
Frederick Griffith, bacteria, bacteriophage,
transformation, Oswald Avery, DNA, nucleic acids, radioactive tracers,
isotopes, protein coat (of a virus), Alfred Hershey, Martha Chase, nucleic
acids, heritable characteristics, nucleotides, deoxyribose,
phosphate group, nitrogenous base, adenine, guanine, purines,
cytosine, thymine, gyrimidines, Erwin Chargaff, Chargaff's Rules
Chapter 12 pages 292-297
Rosalind Franklin, x-ray diffraction, Francis Crick, James Watson, DNA,
double helix, base pairing, adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, uracil, diploid, haploid, chromatin, histones,
nucleosomes
Chapter 12 pages 297-303
Replication, DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase, ribose, deoxyribose,
uracil, thymine, amino acids, proteins, messenger
RNA, ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, polypeptides, codons,
enzymes, protein synthesis, complementary, transcription, genetic code
Chapter 12 pages 303-312
Translation, ribosomes, transfer RNA, ribosomal RNA,
messenger RNA, amino acids, proteins, mutations, gene mutations, chromosomal
mutations, hox genes
Chapter 13, pages 331-333
genetics, geneticist, genes, transgenics, luciferase, genetic engineering,
technology, diabetes, recombinant DNA technology, cloning, biotechnology,
insulin, insecticide, Dolly (the sheep).
Chapter 14, pages 341-343
karyotype, trisomy-21, downs syndrome, gametes, chromosomes, nature-nurture,
mitosis, homologous, gametes, autosomes, pedigree chart.
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Chapter 3 pages 63-65
organism, ecology, environment, biosphere, atmosphere, species, population,
community, ecosystem, biome, ecologist, observation, experimentation, modeling,
hypotheses
Chapter 3 pages 66-69
energy, ecosystem, sunlight, autotrophs, heterotrophs, producers, organic,
inorganic, photosynthesis, chemosynthesis, carbohydrates, sugars, starches,
carbon dioxide, oxygen, cyanobacteria, consumers, herbivores, carnivores,
omnivores, detritivores, decomposers, detritus
Chapter 3 pages 69-74
food chain, phytoplankton, zooplanketon, energy, matter, heterotrophs,
consumers, autotrophs, herbivore, carnivore, food web, decomposers, detritivores,
trophic level, ecological pyramid, energy pyramid, biomass pyramid, pyramid of
numbers, respiration, organic mater, ecosystem
Chapter 3 pages 74-80
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Chapter 26
pages 657-659
heterotroph, autotroph, multicellular, unicellular, eukaryotic, prokaryotic,
bacteria, nucleus, cell wall, cell membrane, animalia, invertebrates,
vertebrates, vertebrata, spinal cord, anatomy, physiology, herbivores,
carnivores, omnivores, detritivores, ammonia, nitrogen, urea, urine, uric acid,
motile, sedentary, sessile, sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction
Chapter 26 pages 660-665
zygote, blastula, gastrula, endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm, integumentary system,
excretory system, embryo, fetus, stem cells, embryology, radial symmetry,
starfish, bilateral symmetry, anterior, posterior, dorsal,
ventral, superior, inferior, cephalic, cephalized, cephalization, hydrocephalic,
coelom, Porifera, asymmetrical
Chapter 26 pages 665-670
sponge, Porifera, chaonocytes,
flagella, cilia, spicules, spongin,
larva, pupa, commensalism, mutualism, parasitism, symbiosis,
ultraviolet, UV-A, UV-B, UV-C, Cnidarians, tentacles, carnivorous, radial symmetry,
nematocyst, harpoon
Chapter 26 pages 670-675
sessile, motile, polyp, medusa, gastrovascular cavity, statocysts,
Scyphozoa, jellyfish, Hydrozoa,
hydra, anemome, Anthozoa, colonial, calcium
carbonate, limestone, lime, coral, coral bleaching,
coral reef
====================================================================
Platyhelminthes, coelom, acoelomate, flame cells, kidney, ganglia, turbellaria, flukes, parasitic, tapeworm, pharynx, hermaphrodite, fission, planaria, host, Cestoda, proglottids
Nematoda, posterior, anus, anterior, Trichinosis, ingestion, Ascaris, ivermectin, closed/open circulatory systems, nephridia, hermaphrodite, Annelida, hook worms, pin worms
Oligochaeta, castings, earthworm, Hirudinea, leeches, trochophore, hirudin, calcium carbonate, rasping, cephalapod, Gastropoda, visceral mass, mollusk, Bivalvia, snails, slugs, octopus, squid, indicator species