Biology I—Chapter 1                                                            

The Science of Biology                                                          

 

After reading pages 3-7, I can:                   (terms)

 

  1. list the three goals of science.
  2. define science.
  3. name the process skill that “starts” scientific thinking.
  4. define the term observation;  name the five senses.
  5. give the term for “information gathered from observations” (sometimes called evidence);  *give the singular and plural forms of the term.
  6. contrast qualitative and quantitative observations.
  7. give the term for “a logical interpretation based on prior knowledge and experience.”
  8. define the term hypothesis.
  9. *contrast the use of the term “science” as a noun and as a verb.
  10. tell why everyone needs a good background in science.

 

After reading pages 8-12, I can:                    (terms)

 

  1. tell how the Greek philosopher Aristotle tried to explain his observations of the natural world. 
  2. name the hypothesis that describes the idea that life could arise from nonliving matter; contrast the terms biogenesis and abiogenesis.
  3. briefly summarize the work of the Italian physician Francesco Redi.
  4. give the collective name for the factors that can change in a controlled experiment;  tell how many of these factors should be allowed to change at one time.
  5. name the variable that is deliberately changed in an experiment;  *give its alternate name.
  6. name the variable that is observed for changes in an experiment;  *give its alternate name.
  7. complete the following statement, “A key assumption of science is that experimental results can be…because…”
  8. describe Anton van Leeuwenhoek’s (of the Netherlands) contribution to science;  tell what he called his new-found tiny animals.
  9. contrast the work of English scientist John Needham and that of Italian scholar Lazzaro Spallanzani.
  10. briefly summarize the work on spontaneous generation conducted by French scientist Louis Pasteur. 

 

After reading pages 13-17, I can:                    (terms)

 

  1. give the term that would be employed when a scientist considers doing something that is not proper (such as giving a dangerous drug to someone without their knowledge).
  2. give the term that describes a hypothesis that has been well supported by numerous investigations.
  3. describe two ways the term “theory” can be used.
  4. define the term biology; describe the origin of the term.
  5. summarize (list) the eight characteristics of living things found near the bottom of page 15 of your book.
  6. tell what a cell is.
  7. name the process organisms use to keep conditions inside their bodies as constant as possible.
  8. *state the purpose of reproduction.
  9. contrast sexual and asexual reproduction.
  10. give the name for the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials.

 

After reading pages 18-23, I can:                    (terms)

 

  1. give a short definition for the term “theme” as it relates to biology.
  2. name the thin layer that surrounds the Earth hosting all living things;  tell what the term means.
  3. list the two processes that relate organisms to their environment.
  4. contrast unicellular and multicellular organisms.
  5. name THE unifying theme of biology; define it.
  6. describe the process (theme) of homeostasis;  tell what happens to an organism if there is a major disruption in an organism’s homeostasis.
  7. name the branch of biologists that study animals; that study plants; that study ancient life.
  8. complete the “Levels of Organization” table on the back of your objectives by supplying the missing terms in the first column (use figure 1-19 on page 21 as a guide).
  9. complete the following statement, “More than any other science, biology helps you understand…”
  10. describe how bias (conflict of interest) affects science.

 

After reading pages 24-25, 28, and 1066-1069, I can:                    (terms)

 

  1. give the conventional name for the system of measurement used in science; give its new, revised name (and abbreviation).
  2. give the most commonly used metric units (and their abbreviations) for measuring each of these:  length, volume, mass, and temperature (Appendix C of page 1069 is a good source of information).
  3. give the Customary (English) System unit of measurement that approximates the meter.
  4. give the Customary System unit of measurement that approximates the liter.
  5. state the freezing and boiling points of water on the Celsius temperature scale.
  6. state the single most important (simple) rule for your safety in the science class.
  7. complete the lab safety worksheet found on the back of the objectives (Appendix B on pages 1066-1067 is a good source of information).