Biology I—Chapter 18 
Classification 


After reading pages 447-450, I can:                            (terms)
 

  1. give the two characteristics of a species.
  2. give two reasons biologists use a classification system.
  3. name the science that deals with the classification of living things.
  4. tell why “common names” are not always good for scientific work.
  5. name the two languages primarily used for writing scientific names.
  6. tell what aspect of an organism was utilized to assign scientific names during the “early days” of taxonomy.
  7. name the Swedish botanist that developed the modern-day system of classification; give the name of his system and tell why it is called by this name.
  8. name the two parts of a scientific name; state the basic rules for writing scientific names.
  9. tell what is meant by a hierarchical system; give the name for a group or level in this system of organization that serves as a taxonomic category (singular and plural forms).
  10. tell how many taxa are used in Linnaeus’ system of classification;  list them in order from most inclusive to least inclusive.


After reading pages 451-457, I can:                              (terms)
 

  1. name the area of science that studies evolutionary relationships among organisms; name the system that uses evolutionary history to group organisms.
  2. give the name for the new characteristics that appear as organisms evolve over time.
  3. give the name for a diagram that shows evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms.
  4. tell how DNA and RNA are used in taxonomy.
  5. give the name of the model that uses DNA comparisons to estimate the length of time that two species have been evolving independently.
  6. tell what a mutation is.
  7. name the two original kingdoms used during the time of  Linnaeus; tell why these were the only ones used.
  8. name the kingdom that was formed to accommodate the “microorganisms with a nucleus”.
  9. name the kingdom that was formed to accommodate the mushrooms, yeasts, and molds.
  10. name the kingdom that was formed to accommodate the bacteria.

 After reading pages 458-460, I can:                             (terms)

  1. name the two kingdoms that were later formed from the Kingdom Monera.
  2. list the members of the current six-kingdom system of taxonomy.
  3. show where the domain fits in with Linnaeus’ seven-level system of classification.
  4. tell how many domains there are; name them and show how they fit-in with the kingdoms.
  5. contrast a cell wall and a cell membrane.
  6. name the substance found in the cell wall of a bacterium.
  7. list some environments where members of the Domain Archaea can be found.
  8. *contrast autotrophs and heterotrophs.
  9. tell what is common among members of the Domain Eukarya; list the kingdoms of this domain.
  10. tell what type organisms belong to the Kingdom Protista.

 After reading pages 460-461, I can:                             (terms)

  1. describe how fungi obtain their energy.
  2. tell what it means to be a photosynthetic autotroph.
  3. contrast motile and nonmotile.
  4. name the material in the cell walls of plant cells that make them tough.
  5. name the only kingdom with cells not enclosed in a cell wall.
  6. complete the following table summarizing the “Classification of Living Things” using the table on page 459 as a guide.

 

Domain

Bacteria

Archaea

Eukarya

Kingdom

Eubacteria

Archaebacteria

Protista

Fungi

Plantae

Animalia

Cell Type

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cell Structures

 

 

 

 

 

 

Number of Cells

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mode of Nutrition

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

After reading the series of articles, “Highlights…Six Kingdoms of Life” I can:               (terms)      

 

Kingdom Archaebacteria—

  1. name three common places methanogens (anaerobic bacteria that make methane gas)  are found.

  2. tell where extreme halophiles are found.

 

Kingdom Eubacteria—

  1. tell why Clostridium is such a dangerous bacteria.

  2. tell what happens during nitrogen fixation.

 

Kingdom Protista—

  1. name a disease caused by the protist Plasmosium; tell how the disease is spread.

 

Kingdom Fungi—

  1. state the purpose of a mushroom (toadstool) you see growing above ground in your yard.

  2. name the reproductive “seed” produced by a mushroom.

 

Kingdom Plantae—

  1. give the purpose of a flower (as seen growing on a plant).

  2. tell what xylem and phloem do in a plant.

 

Kingdom Animalia—

  1. name the most successful group of animals ever to have lived.